Carrier Refrigeration

Understanding Part-Load Conditions Efficiency Advantage When you evaluate the NaturaLINE unit's performance under all operating parameters, weighted for real-world shipping conditions, it ranks among the most efficient units available on the market today. On the whole, the NaturaLINE unit's power consumption is virtually equal to the low levels on which Carrier Transicold's PrimeLINE unit has built its legacy of efficiency. (Fig. A) "The NaturaLINE unit's power consumption over a full range of conditions – part-load and full-load, carrying frozen and perishable goods – is comparable to the PrimeLINE unit, and well below the most common unit in the global fleet," Goh said. "When you break it down and look at the specific conditions, you see variances. One of the most compelling distinctions is how well the NaturaLINE unit performs when carrying perishable cargoes under part-load conditions." Whether temperatures are being maintained at 14 degrees Celsius (57 degrees Fahrenheit) for bananas, or 1 degree C (34 degrees F) for other fruits, perishable cargoes present some of the most demanding conditions for refrigeration units. That's because systems need to run almost continuously to offset heat generated by the cargo and to chill fresh air drawn in for ventilation. The NaturaLINE unit excels when carrying perishable commodities, requiring even less power than the PrimeLINE unit, thanks to its higher efficiency under part-load conditions. 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% ≤-6 -3 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 Typical Voyage: Rel. Frequency of Operation 33 37 ≥40 Ambient Temperature in Degrees C 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 -18C Box, 25C Ambient Part Load -1C Box, 25C Ambient Part Load 14C Box, 25C Ambient Part Load -18C Box, 38C Ambient Full Load 2C Box, 38C Ambient Full Load 14C Box, 38C Ambient Full Load Weighted Average Normalized Unit Power (PrimeLINE = 100%) PrimeLINE NaturaLINE Full/Part Load: 15%/85% Frozen: 50% Perishable: 50% Temperatures Encountered by Refrigerated Containers Fig. B: About 85 percent of the time refrigerated containers are in transit, temperatures are below 31 degrees C. (Source: UNEP, RTOC Assessment Report 2014) Fig. A: As shown here, the NaturaLINE unit's energy demand under perishable part-load conditions is lower than that of the PrimeLINE unit. (Source: Carrier Transicold engineering data) PrimeLINE NaturaLINE Standard Unit 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% Perishable Part-Load Perishable Full-Load Frozen Part-Load Frozen Full-Load "The NaturaLINE unit's outstanding efficiency with perishables under part-load conditions can be significant," Goh explained. "Part-load conditions generally occur when ambient temperatures are below 31 degrees C (88 degrees F) – in other words, the vast majority of the time in which refrigerated containers are typically in transit." A multi-year study by a global shipping company demonstrated that containers transit through this range nearly 85 percent of the time. (Fig. B) "This means that over the most typically encountered range of ambients, the NaturaLINE unit provides among the lowest power consumption for perishable cargo refrigeration," Goh said. "The operating performance of every refrigerant varies based on ambient temperature and the unique thermodynamic properties of the refrigerant, and CO 2 is no exception," Goh said. "That's why with the NaturaLINE unit, you find innovations, such as a gas cooler and flash tank, which manage CO 2's phase changes without compromising energy efficiency." In short, shipping lines seeking sustainable solutions that can also lower their energy requirements, should look first to the naturally efficient NaturaLINE unit. w Weighted for real-world conditions, the NaturaLINE unit ranks among the most efficient units available. Power Consumption Comparison 3

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